Surveillance and Capture: Two Models of Privacy, was written by Philip E. Agre in 1994. In it Agre grapples with the questions of institutional practice, presenting a different metaphor for privacy, the "capture" model, drawn from an awareness of the current methods of computer systems design.

Espen Aarseth's essay, Nonlinearity and Literary Theory (1994), offers an excellent study of the nonlinear nature of electronic text.

In Nomadic Power and Cultural Resistance (1994), the Critical Art Ensemble, a collective of tactical media practitioners, argues that new media networks are inherently incompatible with the power relations of the industrial revolution. They demolish the idea that it is possible for power to co-opt network and hypertext technologies, that such technologies have a manifest destiny of freedom.

The World-Wide Web, by Tim Berners-Lee, Robert Cailliau, Ari Luotonen, Henrik Frystyk Nielsen and Arthur Secret, describes the relatively primitive yet absolutely effective hypertext system that is "the Web."